Development of new sensor systems for continuous bedload monitoring using a submerged load‐cell system (SLS)          下载免费PDF全文

Takahiro Itoh  Takahiko Nagayama  Rei Utsunomiya  Masaharu Fujita  Daizo Tsutsumi  Shusuke Miyata  Takahisa Mizuyama 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(8):1689-1700

It is important to evaluate bedload discharge and temporal changes of the bed surface, and bed deformation can be estimated during floods if the bedload discharge is properly evaluated in an arbitrary cross‐section. With the exception of grain size and its distribution within the bedload, bedload discharge has been measured using both direct and indirect methods. Bedload slot is a direct method but cannot be used to measure bedload during a flood because of volume limitations. Indirect methods require correlation between the signals and sediment volume measured using another method. In the present study, a small, automatically recording bedload sensor with an iron plate and a pair of load cells is developed in order to evaluate not only large particles but also sand particles as bedload. Bedload mass is calculated by integrating with respect to both the velocity of sediment particles and the averaged particle weight as measured by a pair of load cells, and, as an example, the velocity is estimated by the cross‐correlation function of weights measured by load cells. The applicability of the proposed sensor is discussed based on the results of flume tests in the laboratory (2014) and the observation flume of the Hodaka Sedimentation Observatory of Kyoto University in Japan (2015). The system was installed in the observation flume in November of 2012, and flume data were obtained using natural sediment particles. In particular, it was difficult to estimate the velocity of averaged bedload particles, and it was better to apply a cross‐correlation function in the laboratory tests. However, it appears that the previous estimation can estimate these velocities in the observation flume using a connecting tube and submerged load‐cell systems. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

地震台站监测设备管理系统设计     

姜博  张美华  李昆  胡宝慧  邹志超 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,39(4):208-212

随着黑龙江省地震设备运维管理系统的应用,实现对区域内监测设备的智能管理,运维效率提高。针对智能手机使用率越来越高的特点,为了进一步提高工作效率,基于HTML5+CSS3+jQuery Mobile软件技术,开发移动端设备管理系统,使用户可以同时使用移动端与PC端,通过Web浏览器操作服务器,为工作人员提供便捷、快速的设备监测管理服务,进一步提高地震台站设备运维效率。  相似文献   

Effect of seepage on flow and bedforms dynamics          下载免费PDF全文

Mahesh Patel  Shantanaba Majumder  Bimlesh Kumar 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2017,42(12):1807-1819

This study, using an experimental approach, focuses on the effect of downward seepage on a threshold alluvial channel morphology and corresponding turbulent flow characteristics. In all the experiments, we observed that the streamwise time‐averaged velocities and Reynolds shear stresses were increased under the influence of downward seepage. Scales of eddy length and eddy turnover time were significantly increased with the application of downward seepage, leading to sediment transport and initiation of bedforms along the channel length. As the amount of seepage discharge increased, eddy length and turnover time were further increased, causing the development of larger bedforms. It was revealed that the geometry of bedforms was linked with the size of eddies. In this work, statistics of bedform dynamics are presented in terms of multi‐scalar bedforms in the presence of seepage. These multi‐scalar ubiquitous bedforms cast a potential impact on flow turbulence as well as stream bed morphology in channels. We used wavelet to analyse temporally lagged spatial bed elevation profiles that were obtained from a set of laboratory experiments and synchronized the wavelet coefficients with bed elevation fluctuations at different length scales. A spatial cross‐correlation analysis, based on the wavelet coefficients, was performed on these bed elevation datasets to observe the effect of downward seepage on the dynamic behaviour of bedforms at different length scales. It was found that celerity of bedforms reduced with increase in seepage percentage. Bedform celerity was best approximated by a probability density function such as Rayleigh distribution under varying downward seepage. Further, statistical analysis of physical parameters of bedforms ascertained that the reduction in bedform celerity was a result of increased bedform size. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

红柳峡跨断层水准规律性变化分析     

岳冲  闫伟  杨文  宋治平 《地震地磁观测与研究》2019,40(2):83-90

红柳峡跨断层水准多次出现由张性背景转为大幅压缩的规律性变化,基于青藏高原地区5级以上地震高频时空分布特征,与祁连山断裂带异常跨断层场地同步性进行对比,结果显示:①红柳峡跨断层水准与祁连山断裂带上其他跨断层异常场地变化时间一致性较好;②在红柳峡水准出现压性变化的1年内,青藏高原5级以上地震高频活动多发,且红柳峡水准出现压缩变化时段内,在青藏高原内部多形成NE向5级以上地震条带,表明应力多沿NE向集中。研究结果表明,印度洋板块在北向推挤增强过程中,引发青藏高原内部及周边块体一系列地震,而作为祁连山断裂带西端特殊的跨断层场地,红柳峡跨断层存在块体调整过程中出现较为规律异常变化的可能。  相似文献   

Simulation of the crosshole method in isotropic and anisotropic media     

Seong-Min Kim  Shu-Tao Liao  Jose M. Roesset 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1999,23(11):1101-1119

The crosshole seismic method was simulated using a finite element model with a diagonal mass matrix and a direct integration of the equations of motion in the time domain. The results were compared to those of a more efficient but also more restricted formulation using discrete Green's functions. The effects of the type of excitation, the shape of the applied pulse and the position of the receiver with respect to the source on the shape of the recorded motions were investigated for isotropic and cross anisotropic soil deposits. The computed times of arrival of the different waves were compared to those predicted using curved ray path theory to assess the accuracy of this much simpler procedure as a means to interpret the experimental data and determine the soil properties. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

海岸带及其调查技术进展          下载免费PDF全文

李平  谷东起  杜军  徐国强  张志卫 《海岸工程》2019,38(1):32-39

海岸带是重要海陆过渡带地貌单元与区域,兼受海陆动力双重作用与影响,包括不同类型的沉积相,经历复杂的动力沉积、地貌演变及灾变过程。海岸带调查涉及学科交叉融合,调查要素相对独立与内容多学科交叉并存。我国曾分别于1960年、1981年和2003年组织开展过全国海岸带综合调查工作,调查获取了大量丰硕成果。当前海岸带调查与研究过程中亦暴露出一些亟需突破问题,包括:1)海岸带存在大范围"盲区",浅水易陷、礁石养殖等区域难以到达,成为海岸带数据"空白区"、调查"禁区";2)我国海岸带观测平台数量少、分布零散,未形成综合有效观测网,导致长时间序列、多源准同步调查数据缺乏,难以准确把握海岸带变化规律,破解资源环境有关问题;3)海岸带数据获取智能化程度低,严重阻碍制约有关对策及时有效性;4)海岸带不同学科协同调查、交叉融合研究模式尚未建立,不能及时发现海岸带科学问题。今后海岸带调查将在海岸带高分辨率过程数据、全覆盖无死角实时动态数据获取技术,长时间序列综合数据采集平台建设,陆海空全天候立体化数据采集传输及快速智能决策,以及海岸带多学科交叉攻关研究等方面取得突破。  相似文献   

一种自适应匹配子空间亚像元目标探测方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜博  钟燕飞  张良培  李平湘 《遥感学报》2009,13(4):597-609

为了克服基于线性混合模型的高光谱遥感影像亚像元目标探测方法的缺陷, 提出了一种基于全限制性线性分解的自适应匹配子空间探测方法。首先利用交叉相关光谱匹配技术求得各个像元所含端元类别信息, 然后根据端元类别信息和全限制性分解的结果构造自适应匹配子空间探测算子, 利用端元类别信息在探测中动态选择端元, 降低端元数目估计偏差对探测结果的影响, 提高探测器对目标与背景的可分性。实验证明, 该方法与其他基于线性混合模型的亚像元目标探测方法相比, 可以更好地克服端元数目估计偏差对探测结果的影响, 无论是端元个数低估还是  相似文献   

多维时间序列交叉谱分析在降水场诊断中的应用   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

陶云  朱天禄 《气候与环境研究》2003,8(4):503-509

在经典时间序列的交叉谱分析基础上,建立多维交叉谱矩阵,对某一感兴趣的频率段交叉谱矩阵作特征值和特征向量分析.作为初步应用,在获得云南5月雨量存在准4.5年的显著耦合振荡周期的前提条件下,对相应的交叉谱矩阵进行特征值和特征向量分析后发现,用前3个相应协谱和正交谱的特征向量就可反映云南5月雨量场在4.5年耦合振荡周期上的大部分空间分布信息,并得到了一些具有天气气候学意义的结论.结果表明应用多维时间序列的交叉谱分析来研究云南5月雨量场的演化特征是可行的.  相似文献